1900
Front Page of Hawaiian Newspaper Prints Admission Song, "Columbia's Flag"
to Honor New U. S. Territory and First Governor S. B. Dole.
The Hawaiian Star Newspaper
Admission Song Title: Columbia's Flag
Volume VII, No. 2584
June 14, 1900
Honolulu, Hawaii
An excerpt from the Chorus of the Admissions Song,
"Columbia's Flag", printed on the front page of the newspaper ...
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"Morn is before us,
Sing in joyous chorus!
Fling the flag,
Columbia's flag!
Float the flag,
Hawaii's flag!
Freely in the breeze!
Noon is before us,
Sing in joyous chorus!
Raise the flag,
Columbia's flag!
Raise the flag,
Hawaii's flag!
Fling it to the breeze!"...
1904
Cover of Puck, Illustration of Columbia in a Gown being Courted by
Thomas Roosevelt and Alan Parker.
Puck, October 1904
Artist: Frank A. Nankivell
Volume LXI, No. 1441
Price: 10 Cents
Copyright 1904, Keppler & Schwarzmann
1905
Founder, Casimiro Hernandez Sr., Opens
Columbia, Gem of the Restaurants, in Tampa Florida
Columbia, Gem of the Restaurants, opens in Tampa Florida, by Cuban immigrant(s). Now “Florida’s Oldest Restaurant” takes up an entire city block. "The largest Spanish restaurant in the world" (according to 2018 Culture Trip article).
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As an ambitious young Spaniard, Hernandez left Cuba with his family and dreams in 1902. Lured by the opportunities in Ybor City, Tampa's cigar-producing Latin Quarter, he saw a prosperous future in the land of plenty. No stranger to hard work, he found his future in the Florida brewery on Fifth Avenue. Casimiro worked at the brewery long enough to glimpse a new opportunity at a place named the Columbia.
Serving Spanish and Cuban food that reflects the five generations of family ownership. "My great-great-grandfather came from Cuba because he wanted to build a better life for his family," Casey Gonzmart Jr., the fifth-generation co-owner, told Fox News Digital. In addition, the Cuban sandwich, now widely coveted across the United States, was reportedly born at Columbia. (from MSN article spin of Fox News)
"The name Columbia back then was used as a substitute name for the United States. It’s what they called the U.S., he loved America so much, he lovedColumbia so much. He wanted to name his restaurant after the place he loved."
Casey Gonzmart Jr. is part of the fourth generation of owners of Tampa dining landmark Columbia Restaurant. His great-grandfather Casimiro Hernandez Sr. not only founded the restaurant in 1905. (Article 2024)
1913
A Suffragette Tableau in Washington D.C. on March 3rd. Women Dressed as Columbia, Justice, Liberty, Charity, Peace and Hope.
Women's Sufferage parade,
Washington, D.C., March 3rd, 1913
An excerpt from that program...
​
Columbia, hearing the approach of the Procession, summons to her side, Justice, Charity, Liberty, Peace and Hope, to review with her this "new crusade" of women. When these are assembled, Columbia takes her place as leader and guardian of them all, and, in a final tableau, they stand together and review the oncoming Procession.
For more details of the program, please click here:
https://www.loc.gov/resource/rbpe.20801600/?st=pdf&pdfPage=1
Above and Left:
Heidwig Reicher Dressed as Miss Columbia on March 3, 1913 in front of Treasury Building, Washington D.C.
Right:
Florence Noyes Dressed as Lady Liberty on March 3, 1913 in front of Capital Building, Washington D.C.
Below:
Scenes from the allegory
1913
Illustration of Columbia on the Cover of Life, Army Number, Titled,
"A Little Matter of Eternal Fidelity"
Life, November 1913
Artist: Otho Cushing
Volume 62, No. 1621
Price: 10 Cents
Copyright 1913, Life Publishing Company
1914
Start of World War 1
World War I was fought across Europe's western and eastern fronts from 1914 to 1918. Trench warfare and the early use of tanks, submarines and airplanes meant the war’s battles were devastatingly bloody, claiming an estimated 40 million military and civilian casualties, including 20 million deaths. Fighting under brutal conditions, World War I battles on both land and at sea saw mass carnage, but few decisive victories, with some conflicts waging for months on end. ​
Columbia played an important role in the propaganda of World War I (1914-1918) and World War II (1939-1945). She implored citizens to buy bonds, ordered men to join the service and watched over United States soldiers fighting in foreign lands.
1915
Margaret Vale, President Woodrow Wilson's Niece, Dressed as Miss Columbia, Representing Women's Suffrage for Alaska.
Press photo of Margaret Vale (Mrs. George Howe), niece of President Woodrow Wilson, in Suffrage parade, New York. Oct. 1915; here she represents Alaska, which granted women's suffrage in 1913.
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Margaret Vale, Margaret Smyth Flinn, later Margaret Howe; born March 30, 1878 in Charleston, South Carolina – died November 29, 1947 in Columbia, South Carolina. She was a film and theatre actress and a feminist.
For more on Margaret Vale, please click here...
George Grantham Bain Collection - Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division
1916
Illustration of Columbia Holding Sword and Flag, Promoting Recruitment by the U. S. Army
Title: Columbia Calls
Artist: V. Aderente
Copy Right, 1916, Frances Adams Halsted
Detail of text. Note the Swastika had a different meaning prior to Hitler's usage of the symbol. For more click here: https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-29644591
1917
Patriotic Banner Entitled "Columbia Victorious",
Signed A. Buccini, N.Y.C.
Title: Columbia Victorious
Artist: A. Buccini (Likely Andrea Buccini)
​
Textile, painted on satin/silk. The banner has been hand-stitched to 100% hemp fabric, placed in a hand-gilded, and distressed, Italian molding with carved leaf design. The front is u.v. protective acrylic.
Lady Liberty (aka Lady Columbia, Goddess of Liberty) holding a peace branch and an American flag, surrounded by doves.
The title appears in pencil on the reverse and the signature is painted on the front in the lower right corner.*
​
*Details credited to Jeff Bridgman Antique Flags
1917
Song Book Cover Art Displays an Illustration of Miss Columbia. Contains Songs Titled, 'Columbia Land of the Brave and Free!' and 'Columbia Land of Plenty'
Words by: Mrs. Frank A. Breck
Music by: Chas H. Gabriel
Published by: Rodeheaven Company,
Chicago & Philadelphia
1917
Song Book Cover Art Displays an Illustration of Columbia Wielding a Trumpet.
By: George Neumann
Published by: George Neumann,
3646 Wrightwood Ave., Chicago
1918
Song Book Cover Art Displays an Illustration of Columbia with Flag and Eagle Standing Behind an American Soldier with Trumpet.
Words by: Jefferson Short
Music by: Ida Mc Cune Donovan
Published by: Mrs. Ida Mc Cune Donovan,
Room 14 Melina Bldg.
Albuquerque, N. Mex
1917-1918
Illustrations of Columbia Created for a Navy Recruitment Campaign.
Series of (2) Posters
Title: The Sword is Drawn,
The Navy Upholds It!
Artist: Kenyon Cox
Illustration shows "Liberty" (Columbia) wielding a sword and a scroll inscribed "We can do no otherwise.".
The text reads;
"The Sword is Drawn
The Navy Upholds It!
​
U.S. Navy Recruiting Station
417 Market Street, San Francisco
Title: The Navy Needs You
Artist: James Montgomery Flagg
Illustration shows Columbia hovering above a Navy sailor and a suited civilian. The text reads;
"The Navy Needs You!
Don't Read American History, Make It!
​
U.S. Navy Recruiting Station
619 Soth State St., Chicago | 536 S. Dearborn St.
1918
Lithograph of Columbia Sowing Seeds,
Poster, Campaign Paid for by The National War Garden Commission.
Title: Liberty Sowing the Seeds of Victory
Artist: Frank D. DuMond
​
Illustration of Miss Columbia Poster showing Liberty, in a red, white and blue liberty cap, soaring with a rainbow over a fertile landscape. This is part of a campaign paid for by the National War Garden Commission, Washington D. C. promoting access to "Free Book" by mail regarding how to grow a Victory Garden.
​
The "Victory Garden", which took the place of the "War Garden", has had a lasting impression on American culture. The United States School Garden Army partnered with the National War Garden Commission. This association included home canning and drying as well as food production via the promotion of gardening and food conservation.
1918
Lithograph of Columbia Supporting Fruit and Vegetable Canning,
Poster, Paid for by The National War Garden Commission.
Title: The Fruits of Victory
Artist: Leonebel Jacobs
​
Illustration of Miss Columbia behind large amount of fresh and canned fruits and vegetables.
This is part of a campaign paid for by the National War Garden Commission, Washington D. C. promoting access to "Free Book" by mail regarding how to grow a Victory Garden.
​
The "Victory Garden", which took the place of the "War Garden", has had a lasting impression on American culture. The United States School Garden Army partnered with the National War Garden Commission. This association included home canning and drying as well as food production via the promotion of gardening and food conservation.
1918
Illustration of Miss Columbia Sowing Seeds for a Victory Garden.
Poster, Paid for by The National War Garden Commission.
Title: Will You Take Part in Victory
Artist: James Montgomery Flagg
Illustration of Miss Columbia sowing seeds for a victory garden. This is part of a campaign paid for by the National War Garden Commission, Washington D. C. promoting access to "Free Book" by mail regarding how to grow a Victory Garden.
​
The "Victory Garden", which took the place of the "War Garden", has had a lasting impression on American culture. The United States School Garden Army partnered with the National War Garden Commission. This association included home canning and drying as well as food production via the promotion of gardening and food conservation.
1919
Poster to Promote the Sale of Bonds for WWI, Showing Columbia Supporting a Soldier.
Advertisement
Artist: Edwin Blashfield
Copyright 1918,
Heywood Strasser & Voigt Litho. Co. N.Y.
1919
Announcing the Contest and Winner of the 'Queen of the Jubilee', in Tacoma Washington, Known for the Week as Miss Columbia.
Program Cover & Print Advertisement
An excerpt from the ad...
“Queen Rides in a Liberty
People of Tacoma choose the liberty for their Gigantic Peace Jubilee --- Popular girl is presented a Liberty
The people of Tacoma Washington, where Camp Lewis, the largest of the American cantonments is located, held a gigantic peace jubilee frm June 30 to July 7 which included the annual July 4th speedway races in which such stars as Dario Resta, Cliff Durant and louis Chevrolet took part, with Eddie Rickenbacker acting as referee of the course. Previous to the celebration, eighteen Tacoma girls vied for the honor of being queen of the peace jubilee, and the queen being known as Miss Columbia during the jubilee week. The lucky contestant was Miss Dorathy Mahler, who won in a spirited contest. All during the week, Miss Columbia rode in a Liberty Six automobile, which was given her for her very own by the jubilee committee, and it was often remarked during the week that Miss Columbia, peace jubilee, and Liberty automobile blended happily...”
1919
Illustration of Columbia on the Cover of Columbia Records Catalogue of Grafonolas and Phonographs
Columbia Records Catalogue
Artist: Rolf Armstrong
Miss Columbia illustration used in print ads and on the cover of the Columbia Records Phonograph and Grafophone catalogue, July 1919.
1919
Poster Showing Columbia and the Flags of Supporting Nations
Title: Welcome Home Our Gallant Boys Peace, Justice, Liberty
Advertisement
Artist: Unknown
Lithograph
Copyright 1919,
Hennegan & Co. Cincinati, O.
1924
The Evolution of the Columbia Pictures Logo
Logo File Credit:
1926
The Philadelphia Sesquicentennial Exposition Poster, Displaying Miss Columbia Flowing from the Liberty Bell.
Title: The Voice of the Liberty Bell
Artist: Dan Smith
Printed by: Elliott Brewer, 1926
The Sesquicentennial International Exposition to commemorate the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence was held in Philadelphia from May 31 through November 30, 1926 and was attended by 6.4 million people. This poster features lady liberty holding an American flag in the foreground with liberty bell at her feet and Independence Hall in the background.
1928
Illustration of Columbia on the Cover of The Elks, Displayed with George Washington and Abraham Lincoln.
The Elks, February 1928
Artist: Paul Stahr
Price: 20 Cents
Original Sketch, Heritage Auctions
1930
Columbia Pictures Holds National Contest in 12 Publications to Search for
Best Miss Columbia to Award Contract.
New Movie Magazine, May Issue
Price: 10 Cents
Photoplay Magazine, May Issue
Price: 25 Cents
1930
In November Columbia Pictures Announces Winner of National Contest Searching for Best Miss Columbia to Award Contract.
Photoplay Magazine, November Issue
Lesley Beth Storey of Brooklyn, N.Y., winner in Columbia’s great nation wide search for “Miss Columbia.” She has been awarded a week’s contract at $250.00 and a free trip to Hollywood. She was the selection of the New Movie and allied magazines.
Runners up for honors as Miss Columbia, all whom have been awarded Majestic Radios, were:
Dorothy Dawes , Brooklyn, N. Y. nominated by Film Fun
Dorothy Brown, Des Moines, Ia.
Screen Romances; Jean Eckler, West Palm Beach, Fla. Motion Picture Magaine; Donna Barton, Tulsa, Okla. Motion Picture Classic; Vera Martin, New York, N.Y., Screen Book; Bernice Maiwald, Laconia, N.H.,
Motion Picture Stories; Meta Diane Neuburg, Tuckahoe, N.Y.,
Photoplay; Mercedes Janet Rice, Banning Ga., Screenland.
1931
Descendant of Mercy Otis Proves it was Her Involvement in the Historical Events of 1774 and 1788. She also coins the term, "Columbian Patriot".
Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society
Third Series, Vol. 64 (Oct., 1930 - Jun., 1932), pp. 112-164 (53 pages)
Published By: Massachusetts Historical Society
1933
Installation of Littlefield Monument at the University of Texas in Austin. The Statue of Columbia is the Sculptor's Symbol of a Reunited America.
Littlefield Fountain, Austin, Texas
By: Pompeo Coppini
Littlefield Fountain (also known as the Littlefield Memorial Gateway) is a World War I memorial monument designed by Italian-born sculptor Pompeo Coppini on the main campus of the University of Texas at Austin, in Austin, Texas, at the entrance to the university's South Mall. Completed in 1933, the monument is named after university regent and benefactor George W. Littlefield, whose donation paid for its design and construction.
​
The six human figures were completed in 1925 and temporarily displayed in the Texas State Capitol, and the central sculpture was completed in 1928. Construction of the fountain began in the fall of 1932, with its plan somewhat altered by campus architect Paul Philippe Cret, when the six statues were relocated to the adjoining South Mall. The memorial was dedicated on April 29, 1933, and the water was turned on that March. Between 2016-2017 all Confederate statues were removed, but Columbia's center piece remains.
Above: Photo shows Columbia's line-of-site is purposely set to overlook Texas Capital building.
Click for more insight into Littlefield Fountain...
Above: Fountain as of 2023
Right: Pompeo Coppini with statue, c1928
Below: Original proposed sketch c1920
1942
Illustration of Columbia on the Cover of Liberty Magazine, Displayed with Cap, Sword and Dressed in the American Flag.
Liberty Magazine, February 1942
Artist: James Motgomery Flagg
Price: 5 Cents
1943
Illustration of Columbia, Displayed with Cap, Sword and Dressed in the American Flag.
Title: Unconditional Surrender of All Tyrants!
Illustration,1943
Artist: James Motgomery Flagg
28 x 22"
Pen and Ink on Paper
1949
Columbium Element Renamed to Niobium by the IUPAC to 'End the Confusion' Despite the Chronological Precedence of the Name Columbium
Niobium, a chemical element, uses symbol Nb (formerly Columbium, Cb). and atomic number 41.
​
A light grey, crystalline, and ductile transition metal. Pure niobium has a Mohs hardness rating similar to pure titanium,[3] and it has similar ductility to iron. Niobium oxidizes in Earth's atmosphere very slowly, hence its application in jewelry as a hypoallergenic alternative to nickel. Niobium is often found in the minerals pyrochlore and columbite, hence the former name "columbium". Its name comes from Greek mythology: Niobe, daughter of Tantalus, the namesake of tantalum. The name reflects the great similarity between the two elements in their physical and chemical properties, which makes them difficult to distinguish.[4]
English chemist Charles Hatchett reported a new element similar to tantalum in 1801 and named it columbium. In 1809, English chemist William Hyde Wollaston wrongly concluded that tantalum and columbium were identical. German chemist Heinrich Rose determined in 1846 that tantalum ores contain a second element, which he named niobium. In 1864 and 1865, a series of scientific findings clarified that niobium and columbium were the same element (as distinguished from tantalum), and for a century both names were used interchangeably. Niobium was officially adopted as the name of the element in 1949, but the name columbium remains in current use in metallurgy in the United States.
Click for more insight to the name change from Columbium to Niobium.
1934 Periodic Table showing Columbium usage
Photo Credit: Montse (@)Casas-Cabanas
1958
Disneyland Adds New Ship to Frontierland, named "The Columbia".
Advertisement
The Columbia has operated in the park for more than fifty years. Passengers of the ship take a 12-minute trip around the Rivers of America. At night, the Columbia plays the role of a pirate ship in riverfront performances of the park's nighttime show, Fantasmic!
​
Click for more on Disneyland's "The Columbia".
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Disneyland_Columbia_Poster.png
Headline:
See and Enjoy ... Disneyland's Newest Attractions. The Columbia in Frontierland.
​
Body Copy:
Replica of the first American vessel to sail 'round the world ... three-masted and fully rigged ... the first sailing ship of its kind built more than 100 years ... a thrilling voyage of exploration on the Rivers of America in Frontierland!
1969
Columbia's 'Eagle Has Landed' ... On the Moon!
Click for more on Apollo's module "Columbia".
https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/command-module-apollo-11/nasm_A19700102000
The phrase, "The Eagle has Landed" was coined.
These words were famously spoken by Neil Armstrong on July 20, 1969, just after the Apollo 11 Lunar Module, 'Columbia' touched down on the surface of the Moon with the Lunar Lander named, 'Eagle'.
Image of Columbia and eagle, see 1861
The Apollo 11 Mission Command Module, 'Columbia', releases its Eagle Lunar Lander to touch down on lunar surface.
The Columbia Command Module, no. 107, whose name was selected as a symbol of the United States, was manufactured by North American Rockwell. The Columbia was one of three parts of the complete Apollo spacecraft. The other two parts were the Service Module and the Lunar Module, nicknamed "Eagle." The Service Module contained the main spacecraft propulsion system and consumables while the Eagle Lunar Module was the two-person craft used by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin to descend to the Moon's surface on July 20, 1969. The Columbia Command Module is the only portion of the spacecraft to return to Earth.
​
It was physically transferred to the Smithsonian in 1971 following a NASA-sponsored tour of American cities. The Apollo CM Columbia has been designated a "Milestone of Flight" by the Museum.
The Apollo 11 space module Columbia is pulled from the Pacific, aboard the USS Hornet, in 1969. President Nixon orders , "Columbia, Gem of the Ocean" be played.
1976
Commemorative Libertas Americana BiCentennial Coin
Displaying Miss Columbia and Liberty Pole and Cap
Libertas Americana Medals
(An excerpt from the Archangel Collection of Colonial Coins and 1792 Coinage Catalog and the John J. Ford, Jr., Part XIV Catalog)
No other medal in the canon of American numismatics is invested with so much history and importance as the Libertas Americana medal. It followed the declaration of American independence, whose date is placed in the obverse legend, and the support of France in the American cause. The two greatest American victories, that of Gates at Saratoga and Washington at Yorktown, are referenced with dates in the reverse exergue.
The Libertas Americana medal was commissioned by Benjamin Franklin as a tribute to American independence. Silver specimens were distributed by Franklin to the president of Congress, members of George III’s government, and the Grand Master of the Knights of Malta, among others. Members of the Continental Congress of 1783 may also have received silver medals, but there is no certainty about this (they may have received bronze medals, instead, Franklin was not definite). The dies were finished in later 1782 and the first medals were struck in 1783.
Silver examples are perhaps 10 times rarer than bronze examples. Having been distributed non-numismatically, many have been mishandled, and examples that are uncirculated are legitimately rare.
Click for more on Libertas Medals, please visit:
https://stacksbowers.com/what-are-libertas-americana-medals/
1981
Space Shuttle Columbia (OV-102), makes initial launch in April from the Kennedy Space Center
Shuttle orbiter Columbia (OV-102) was the first Space Shuttle vehicle of NASA’s fleet of reusable winged spaceships to fly in space. Columbia’s first mission, STS-1, launched from Kennedy Space Center’s pad 39A on April 12, 1981.
​
Columbia initiated NASA’s Space Shuttle flight program when it lifted off that same spring, carrying the two-person crew. Columbia proved the operational concept of a winged, reusable spaceship by successfully completing the Orbital Flight Test Program—missions STS-1 through STS-4.
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During her years of service, Columbia achieved an unprecedented list of firsts in NASA’s Space Shuttle flight program, including first reuse (STS-2 on Nov. 12, 1981) of a crew-assisted space vehicle and first operational STS mission (STS-5 on Nov. 11, 1982).​
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The orbiter Columbia continued the practice of naming pioneering vessels after the celebrated name of our country, named after the Boston-based sloop captained by American Robert Gray. On May 11, 1792. Gray and his crew maneuvered their 'Columbia' past the dangerous sandbar at the mouth of a river extending more than 1,000 miles through what is today southeastern British Columbia, Canada, and the Washington-Oregon border.
Hail Columbia! is a 1982 American IMAX documentary film about the first space shuttle, Columbia, and NASA's Space Shuttle program. Directed by Graeme Ferguson, and written by Roman Kroitor.
Click for more on NASA's, "Columbia".
Space Shuttle Columbia STS-109(HST-3B) launch, its final successful mission.
More photos from NASA, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4788218
Commemorative Gold Coin
Commemorative Plate, c1984
1994
Navy Adds the SSN 771 Columbia to their Naval Fleet.
Intro Pamphlet Provided at Event (Exerpt),
September 24, 1994
"The Submarine Columbia (SSN 771) is the seventh commissioned U.S. Navy warship to bear the name that personifies freedom and the United States.
The first Columbia commissioned as a Navy ship was a frigate launched in 1836, which later became one of the first U.S. Navy shops to circumnavigate the globe. The ship was scuttled and burned by Union forces at the outbreak of the Civil War.
In December 1862, a captured Confederate blockade runner became the second commissioned Columbia. She was assigned to the U.S. Navy's North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. This ship ran aground and was wrecked off Wilmington, N.C., the following year. The 3rd Columbia was originally a Confederate-built ironclad seized by the Union forces when they occupied Charleston, S.C., in February 1865. She saw limited action and was decommissioned in June of the same year.
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In 1892, Cruiser 12 was christened as the fourth Columbia at the Philadelphia Shipyard. She participated in both the Spanish-American War and the First World War. This ship served as part of the Squadron 5 Patrol Force, Squadron 2 Destroyer Force, and as the Flagship of the Submarine Flotilla. She was decommissioned in 1921.
In 1921, the USS Great Northern, a Naval Transport ship, was renamed Columbia During World War I, she carried 28,248 troops to Europe and 22,852 back to the U.S. in 18 round trips. After service as the Flagship for the Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet, she was decommissioned in 1922.
The Sixth and most famous of the long Columbia line, was the CL-56. The Light Cruiser was launched at the Camden Navy Yard in December, 1941, just after the U.S. entered World War II. She immediately reported to the South Pacific and participated in numerous actions in the Solomons, including the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay. She also supported the Palaus Landing and the invasion of the Philippines. During her involvement in the Battle of Leyte Gulf, she was credited with sinking a battleship that forced other enemy units to retire. She also participated in the landing at Lingayen Gulf, the invasion of Borneo, and operated with Task Force 95 in the East Chine Sea. In all the ship was awared ten battle stars and the navy Unit Commendation prior to being decommissioned in 1946."
The Christening
Ceremony Held and Hillary Clinton (First Lady) Christened the Submarine.
The Badge
Ornate detail showing artist design of Columbia with cap and flag.
